1. Observational research where information is achieved by observing relevant people, situations and actions. But, some things like, attitudes, motives, feelings and private behaviour cannot be observed. Mechanical observation may be obtained through single source data systems. It is where electronic monitoring systems connect consumers' exposure to television advertising and promotion (measured by using television meters) with what they buy in the stores (measured by using store checkout scanners). Observational research may be used to get information that people are unwilling or unable to provide.